. , (). , , . , .

 

, , :

V2=2g*(M/R)

g , M R . I, R (R+) . 11,8 km/sec, 2,38 km/sec.

0 km

11,18 km/sec

200 km

11,01 km/sec

400 km

10,85 km/sec

600 km

10,69 km/sec

800 km

10,54 km/sec

1000 km

10,40 km/sec

, , ( ). , , .

 

T . , , . , , , . , .

, , . , 11,18 km/sec, , 11,18 km/sec, . , , . .

, , .

. , ,

, , , , .

, , 465 km/sec, 30 402 km/sec 45 328 km/sec.

To , , , , , , . , . , , .

 

 

, , . , .

, , . .

, , . .

, . , , , .

, , . (TT&C). TT&C . , , .

, :

 

. LEO:

. MEO:

. GEO:

 

(LEO)

A ( ). (100-300 ). 15 .

(MEO)

, . LEO GEO, 6.000-12.000 . 2-4 . LEO.

.

.

.

(GEO)

. 22.300 (35.800 km). 24 (23 , 56 4,09 , 7.000 ) . .

 

. 42.2%

.

. due to doppler

. (- )

.

.

.

 

2000 , 500. .